English：
A social phenomenon meaning excessive internal competition in a group, where people pay more efforts but get lower or no returns, leading to meaningless internal consumption and pressure for everyone.
中文：
社会现象，指群体内部的过度竞争，人们付出更多努力却收获更低甚至毫无回报，最终引发无意义的内耗与全员压力📈
Originated from American anthropologist Clifford Geertz's agricultural research, introduced to China and became popular in 2020, widely used to describe over-competition in education, workplace and daily life of Chinese society.
源自美国人类学家克利福德·格尔茨的农业研究，2020年引入中国并爆红，广泛用于形容中国社会教育、职场、日常生活中的过度竞争。
📌 Example 1
A: "The competition in our company is too fierce, it's serious involution." B: "Everyone works overtime for no reason, it's meaningless internal consumption."
A："我们公司竞争太激烈了，严重内卷。" B："大家无意义加班，纯属无意义内耗。"
📌 Example 2
A: "Education involution makes students and parents very anxious." B: "Children have to take extra classes even if they are very young."
A："教育内卷让学生和家长都很焦虑。" B："孩子很小就不得不上补习班。"
📌 Example 3
A: "I hate the involution atmosphere in the workplace." B: "Involution makes everyone tired but no one gets benefits."
A："我讨厌职场的内卷氛围。" B："内卷让所有人疲惫，却没人受益。"
📌 Example 4
A: "Involution leads to people working harder but living worse." B: "It's a vicious cycle of social competition."
A："内卷导致人们更努力，生活却更差。" B："这是社会竞争的恶性循环。"
📌 Example 5
A: "How to get rid of the involution in the industry?" B: "Refuse meaningless competition and focus on your own progress."
A："如何摆脱行业里的内卷？" B："拒绝无意义竞争，专注自身进步。"
📌 Example 6
A: "The whole society is caught in the whirlpool of involution now." B: "Young people are the most affected group by involution."
A："现在整个社会都陷入了内卷的漩涡。" B："年轻人是受内卷影响最大的群体。"
📌 Example 7
A: "Involution makes people lose the joy of life and only focus on competition." B: "We should learn to refuse excessive involution properly."
A："内卷让人们失去生活乐趣，只专注竞争。" B："我们要学会适当拒绝过度内卷。"
📌 Example 8
A: "My major has serious involution, it's hard to find a job." B: "Too many graduates compete for limited job positions."
A："我的专业内卷严重，找工作很难。" B："太多毕业生竞争有限的岗位。"
📌 Example 9
A: "Involution is a hot topic discussed by Chinese young people every day." B: "It reflects the survival pressure of contemporary youth."
A："内卷是中国年轻人每天讨论的热门话题。" B："这反映了当代青年的生存压力。"
📌 Example 10
A: "We should stop involution and pursue healthy competition." B: "Healthy competition can promote mutual progress of everyone."
A："我们要停止内卷，追求良性竞争。" B："良性竞争才能促进大家共同进步。"
📌 Example 11
A: "Involution in the workplace makes employees work overtime every day." B: "It's a waste of time and energy for both employees and companies."
A："职场内卷让员工天天加班。" B："这对员工和公司都是时间和精力的浪费。"
📌 Example 12
A: "Many people choose lying flat to resist the social involution." B: "Lying flat is a passive way to fight against meaningless involution."
A："很多人选择躺平来抵制社会内卷。" B："躺平是对抗无意义内卷的被动方式。"
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